The National Black Convention was a historic gathering of Black leaders and activists that took place in Gary, Indiana, in March 1972. The convention was organized by the National Black Political Convention (NBPC), a coalition of over 800 Black organizations from across the United States.

The goal of the National Black Convention was to address the political, social, and economic injustices faced by African Americans and to develop a Black political agenda that could guide future activism and advocacy efforts. The convention discussed issues such as racism, poverty, police brutality, and the need for Black political power.

The convention also featured notable speakers and attendees, including prominent civil rights leaders such as Jesse Jackson, Coretta Scott King, and Amiri Baraka. The event culminated in the adoption of the Gary Declaration, which outlined a 68-point National Black Agenda that called for economic justice, self-determination, and community control.

The National Black Convention marked a significant moment in the history of the Black freedom struggle, as it demonstrated the unity and power of Black organizations working together to address systemic racism and advocate for meaningful change. The convention's impact resonated for years to come, influencing future movements for social justice and political empowerment within the Black community.